𓋹 Pharaoh Archive

Old Kingdom

3rd Dynasty of Egypt

2686–2613 BCE

The 3rd Dynasty opens the Old Kingdom. Under Djoser, his architect Imhotep raised the Step Pyramid at Saqqara, the first monumental building in cut stone and the starting point of the pyramid age.

Djoser's successors experimented with the form, as the unfinished complex of Sekhemkhet shows. Some attributions for the later kings of the dynasty are still disputed, so the succession is best read as a well-attested core with uncertain edges.

Period
Old Kingdom
Dates
2686–2613 BCE
Rulers profiled
5

Rulers of the 3rd Dynasty

Best-known rulers: Djoser; Sekhemkhet; Khaba; Huni. Every ruler profile in the archive for this dynasty, in the order used by the chronology. Each name links to a full profile with dates, background, sources and illustrations.

Major monuments

  • Djoser Step Pyramid and Saqqara enclosure
  • unfinished Sekhemkhet complex

Key events

  • Architectural experimentation.

Reading the evidence

Several later Dynasty 3 attributions remain disputed.

Sources: Metropolitan Museum; UCL Digital Egypt; Shaw (2000). See the full bibliography.