𓋹 Pharaoh Archive

Third Intermediate Period

25th Dynasty of Egypt (Kushite)

747–656 BCE

The 25th Dynasty is the Kushite dynasty, whose kings came from Napata in Nubia. Piye marched north and took control of Egypt, and his successors Shabaka, Shebitku, Taharqa and Tanutamun ruled as full pharaohs, restoring temples and reviving older Egyptian forms in art and religion.

The dynasty ended under Assyrian attack: Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal invaded Egypt, and the Kushite kings withdrew south to Nubia, where Kushite rule continued for centuries.

Period
Third Intermediate Period
Dates
747–656 BCE
Rulers profiled
5

Rulers of the 25th Dynasty (Kushite)

Best-known rulers: Piye; Shabaka; Shebitku; Taharqa; Tanutamun. Every ruler profile in the archive for this dynasty, in the order used by the chronology. Each name links to a full profile with dates, background, sources and illustrations.

Major monuments

  • Gebel Barkal
  • Karnak
  • Kawa
  • Taharqa monuments

Key events

  • Piye’s northern campaign
  • Assyrian invasions
  • loss of Egypt to Assyria.

Reading the evidence

The dynasty was not merely an ‘interlude’: Kushite kings were Egyptian pharaohs while retaining a Nubian power base.

Sources: Shaw (2000); Metropolitan Museum; British Museum. See the full bibliography.