𓋹 Pharaoh Archive

Period of ancient Egypt

Third Intermediate Period Egypt

1069–664 BCE

The Third Intermediate Period began when the New Kingdom state divided. Tanite kings ruled the north while the priests of Amun controlled Thebes, and Libyan dynasties later took the throne. Several lines ruled at the same time, so the chronology is complex.

From about 747 BCE the Kushite kings of the 25th Dynasty took control of Egypt, until Assyrian invasions ended their rule and led to the Saite revival.

Key themes

21st Dynasty of Egypt

1069–945 BCE

The 21st Dynasty ruled from Tanis in the Delta, beginning with Smendes I, while the high priests of Amun at Thebes held real power in Upper Egypt.

Read the full 21st Dynasty guide →

22nd Dynasty of Egypt

945–c. 715 BCE

The 22nd Dynasty is the Libyan or Bubastite dynasty, founded by Shoshenq I, whose family had long been settled in Egypt.

Read the full 22nd Dynasty guide →

23rd Dynasty of Egypt

c. 818–715 BCE

The 23rd Dynasty is a group of Libyan-descended kings, associated with Leontopolis and Thebes, who ruled at the same time as the 22nd Dynasty.

Read the full 23rd Dynasty guide →

24th Dynasty of Egypt

727–715 BCE

The 24th Dynasty is a short line centred on Sais in the western Delta, represented by Tefnakht and Bakenranef.

Read the full 24th Dynasty guide →

25th Dynasty of Egypt (Kushite)

747–656 BCE

The 25th Dynasty is the Kushite dynasty, whose kings came from Napata in Nubia.

Read the full 25th Dynasty (Kushite) guide →