Sobekhotep IV (Khaneferre)
13th Dynasty
Reign beginsmiddle 13th Dynasty; exact dates disputed
Reign endsmiddle 13th Dynasty; exact dates disputed
Dynasty span13th Dynasty
Open full-size illustration →Source: Shaw, Oxford History of Ancient Egypt (2000)
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The loss of Nubia
Sobekhotep IV is considered one of the more powerful kings of the 13th Dynasty. Despite his relative strength, he failed to prevent the collapse of Egyptian authority in the provinces. During or shortly after his reign, Egypt lost control of Wawat in lower Nubia. The massive fortress cities built during the 12th Dynasty were relieved of their garrisons and abandoned. Many of the remaining soldiers defected directly to the ascendant Kingdom of Kush.
Sources for this profile
- Baker, D. D. (2008). The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume 1. Stacey International.
- Shaw, I. (Ed.). (2000). The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press.
- Ryholt, K. (2004). The Turin King-list. Ägypten und Levante, 14, 135–155.
- Dodson, A., & Hilton, D. (2004). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson.
- University College London. Digital Egypt for Universities.
The complete, APA-formatted reference list is on the Academic Sources & Bibliography page.