Period of ancient Egypt
Middle Kingdom Egypt
c. 2055–1773 BCE
The Middle Kingdom began with the reunification under Mentuhotep II and reached its height in the 12th Dynasty. Kings ruled from Itjtawy, brought the provinces back under central control, developed the Faiyum and built fortresses in Nubia.
It is regarded as a classical age of Egyptian literature and art. The 13th Dynasty continued the state for a while under weaker kings, before the country divided in the Second Intermediate Period.
Key themes
- Reunification and a strong central monarchy
- Fortresses and control of Nubia
- Faiyum land reclamation
- Classical Egyptian literature
11th Dynasty of Egypt
2125–1985 BCE
The 11th Dynasty began as a regional Theban house under the Intef kings, who extended their control in Upper Egypt during the First Intermediate Period.
12th Dynasty of Egypt
1985–1773 BCE
The 12th Dynasty is the classic phase of the Middle Kingdom.
13th Dynasty of Egypt
c. 1773–1650 BCE
The 13th Dynasty followed the 12th and ruled from Itjtawy for roughly a century and a half.
- Dynasty 13 — sequence and evidence overview
- Sobekhotep I (Sekhemre Khutawy)
- Sonbef (Sekhemkare Amenemhat Sonbef)
- Nerikara (Nerikare)
- Amenemhat V (Sekhemkare)
- Ameny Qemau
- Siharnedjheritef (Hotepibre)
- Iufni
- Amenemhat VI (Seankhibre)
- Nebnun (Semenkare)
- Sehotepibre (Sewesekhtawy)
- Sewadjkare
- Nedjemibre
- Sobekhotep II (Khaankhre)
- Amenemhat-Ranisonb
- Hor I (Awibre Hor)
- Sedjefakare Kay-Amenemhat (Amenemhat VII)
- Khendjer (Weserkare)
- Imyremeshaw (Semenkhare)
- Intef (Sehetepkare)
- Seth (Merybre)
- Sobekhotep III (Sekhemresewadjtawy)
- Neferhotep I (Khasekhemre)
- Sihathor (Menwadjre)
- Sobekhotep IV (Khaneferre)
- Sobekhotep V (Merhotepre)
- Sobekhotep VI (Khahotepre)
- Wahibre Ibiau
- Ay (Merneferre)
- Ini (Merhotepre)
- Sewadjtu (Seankhenre)
- Sankhptahi (Sehehenre)
- Late / uncertain Dynasty 13 rulers and damaged Turin entries